Category موضوعي
The sacred before writing
Ritual, symbols and burial before written sources.
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Original photograph
Period
Natufian culture
A late Epipalaeolithic Levantine archaeological culture, with some long-duration settlements before fully developed agriculture.
Aerial view of Shubayqa 1, northeast Jordan, Figure 1 in Richter et al. (2017), with a location map. Natufian architecture; no specific religious function is established
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Original photograph
Period
Ubaid culture
An archaeological designation for material traditions originating in southern Mesopotamia with regional diffusion. Broad southern frame c. 6500–3800 BCE; not a known linguistic people, with limits varying by region and phase.
Ubaid bowl from Eridu cemetery, grave 136; mid-sixth–fifth millennium BCE. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 49.133.2. A specific archaeological object, not a representation of all Ubaid pottery
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Original photograph
Period
Pre-Pottery Neolithic
A regional term for early Neolithic phases in Southwest Asia before the local spread of pottery; it does not imply an absence of settlement, architecture or cereal processing.
Building D at Göbekli Tepe, photographed in 2019. Central and perimeter pillars show the building’s arrangement. The visible shelter and support braces are modern conservation measures, not a reconstructed ancient roof
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