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Sabbath, the weekly rest day

A reference page linking a name, group, or concept to the materials that discuss it.

Sacred seventh day in Jewish traditions, linked by commandments to household rest, creation and liberation.

Modern comparison of a monthly lunar date and a continuous week. The counting example assumes a 30-day month and first rest on day 7: after day 28, the next rest falls on day 5 of the following month. Not an ancient calendar or evidence of Sabbath origins
Modern comparison of a monthly lunar date and a continuous week. The counting example assumes a 30-day month and first rest on day 7: after day 28, the next rest falls on day 5 of the following month. Not an ancient calendar or evidence of Sabbath originsIL Archive; modern explanatory diagram · CC0License · Image source

Text

Sabbath is the sacred seventh day in Jewish traditions. The commandments in ExodusBook of ExodusTorah book recounting Israel’s departure from Egypt and containing different formulations of seventh-day rest.Glossary · Click to read the explanation and DeuteronomyBook of DeuteronomyTorah book presenting commandments in Moses’ discourse and grounding Sabbath rest in slavery and liberation from Egypt.Glossary · Click to read the explanation extend cessation to household, servants, animals and resident alienGēr: the Resident Outsider in Hebrew TextsA person living within an Israelite community; neither every foreigner nor a modern legal refugee category.Glossary · Click to read the explanation; the former invokes creation, the latter enslavement and liberation. [1][2]

Sabbath recurs in a seven-day cycle independent of the month’s beginning. Its formation and possible relationship to AkkadianAkkadianAn ancient East Semitic language written in cuneiform in Mesopotamia.Glossary · Click to read the explanation šapattuAkkadian ŠapattuAn Akkadian term usually connected with the fifteenth day or a half-month, not an attested name for a weekly general rest day.Glossary · Click to read the explanation remain linguistic and historical questions. [3]

References and notes

  1. Exodus 20:8–11 in common numbering corresponds to 20:7–10 on this page; Hebrew and JPS 1917, Sabbath and creation rationale. Exodus 20:8–11 in common numbering corresponds to 20:7–10 on this page; Hebrew and JPS 1917, Sabbath and creation rationale. Return to the text ↑
  2. Deuteronomy 5:12–15 in common numbering corresponds to 5:11–14 on this page; Hebrew and JPS 1917, dependants’ rest and liberation memory. Deuteronomy 5:12–15 in common numbering corresponds to 5:11–14 on this page; Hebrew and JPS 1917, dependants’ rest and liberation memory. Return to the text ↑
  3. Ottilia Lukács, Sabbath in the Making, 2020, pp. 6–12, PDF pages 15–21: survey and conclusion, not the entire book. Ottilia Lukács, Sabbath in the Making, 2020, pp. 6–12, PDF pages 15–21: survey and conclusion, not the entire book. Return to the text ↑

Research history

Substantive changes are retained here. Minor copy edits remain in the internal operational log.

  1. Edition 3 · 15 October 2026 · aladmin

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

  2. Edition 2 · 15 October 2026 · editor:aladmin

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

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IL Archive, «Sabbath, the weekly rest day», Edition 3, https://ilarchive.com/en/entities/sabbath-weekly-rest