Person

Hammurabi

King of Babylon in Mesopotamia, reigning around 1792–1750 BCE. A celebrated legal text preserved on a stele and cuneiform copies bears his name.

A limestone votive monument from Sippar, showing Hammurabi with his left arm raised. The British Museum dates it to his reign, 1792–1750 BCE; object 22454. Photograph by Marie-Lan Nguyen, 2012
A limestone votive monument from Sippar, showing Hammurabi with his left arm raised. The British Museum dates it to his reign, 1792–1750 BCE; object 22454. Photograph by Marie-Lan Nguyen, 2012© Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 2.5 · CC BYLicense · Object record · Image source

Metadata

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Edition
5

Text

Hammurabi ruled BabylonBabylonBabylon is an ancient city in central present-day Iraq, south of BaghdadGlossary · Click to read the explanation in MesopotamiaMesopotamiaA historical region associated with the Tigris and Euphrates, home to many societies and civilisations.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, within modern IraqIraqIraq is a modern country encompassing much of ancient MesopotamiaGlossary · Click to read the explanation, conventionally around 1792–1750 BCE. His reign belongs to the Old Babylonian period. One of his best-known monuments is a stele, an upright inscribed stone, preserved in the Louvre as SB 8. [1]

At its top the king appears before ShamashShamashMesopotamian god of the sun and justice, shown before Hammurabi on an eighteenth-century BCE stele preserved in the Louvre.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, god of the sun and justice. Beneath the scene is a legal text framed by a royal prologue and epilogue. The collection continued to be copied after Hammurabi’s time, so we distinguish the king’s date from the age of the copy being read or viewed.

References and notes

  1. Louvre catalogue for SB 8: object identification, material, date, Hammurabi–Shamash relief and findspot. Catalogue metadata consulted. The article photograph shows another inscribed face, not the upper relief. SB 8; catalogue Return to the text ↑

Research history

Substantive changes are retained here. Minor copy edits remain in the internal operational log.

  1. Edition 5 · 13 October 2026 · editor

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

  2. Edition 4 · 13 October 2026 · aladmin

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

  3. Edition 3 · 13 October 2026 · editor

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

  4. Edition 2 · 12 October 2026 · editor:aladmin

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

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IL Archive, «Hammurabi», Edition 5, https://ilarchive.com/en/people/hammurabi