Entity · Concept

Theophoric name

A reference page linking a name, group, or concept to the materials that discuss it.

A personal name containing the name of a deity or a divine element.

Detail of the inscription on Iddin-Ilum’s statue from Mari, ca. 2100–2000 BCE; Louvre, AO 19486. It illustrates the dedicator’s name containing a divine element; the statue represents a human, not El
Detail of the inscription on Iddin-Ilum’s statue from Mari, ca. 2100–2000 BCE; Louvre, AO 19486. It illustrates the dedicator’s name containing a divine element; the statue represents a human, not ElMarie-Lan Nguyen · CC BY 2.5 · CC BYLicense · Image source · Object record

Text

A theophoric name includes a divine name or an element meaning “god”. Examples discussed in the article include MichaelMichael / MīkālTheophoric name asking who is like God; borne by humans and a heavenly figure in Daniel. It establishes no former Canaanite deity.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, GabrielGabriel / JibrīlName joining El with an element involving man or strength; interpreter in Daniel, messenger in Luke, named Jibrīl in the Qurʾan.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, RaphaelRaphael / RephaelTheophoric name from healing and El; human Rephael in Chronicles and angel Raphael in Tobit. Distinct from Israfil, whose etymology is a separate question.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, UrielUrielName joining El to an element interpreted as light or fire; human in Chronicles, heavenly figure in Enoch. No Ugaritic divine origin established.Glossary · Click to read the explanation, Daniel and Ishmael. Such names can preserve a prayer or short religious statement. Their exact form and context must be studied: a divine element does not mean that the bearer was considered a god. [1] [2]

References and notes

  1. Ignace J. Gelb, Computer-Aided Analysis of Amorite, Assyriological Studies 21 (1980) Collection description: names preserved in Sumerian and Akkadian texts; Ebla is excluded. Individual entries were not all analysed. Return to the text ↑
  2. STEPBible, Tyndale House: Hebrew personal-name lexicon Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Daniel and Ishmael entries. The article gives approximate explanations of names. Return to the text ↑

Research history

Substantive changes are retained here. Minor copy edits remain in the internal operational log.

  1. Edition 2 · 10 October 2026 · editor:aladmin

    Substantive record update

    Read this revision in its original language (Arabic)

Suggest a correction · Suggest a source for this record

Cite this record

IL Archive, «Theophoric name», Edition 2, https://ilarchive.com/en/entities/theophoric-name